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The practical implications for university campuses are already becoming clear. Administrators, fearful of losing federal funding or facing Department of Education investigations, may feel pressured to adopt a “zero-tolerance” policy toward controversial protests. This could lead to a climate of surveillance and suspicion, where international students are hesitant to attend even peaceful vigils or academic seminars for fear that their presence could be misconstrued as a deportable offense. The hallmark of the American university—the ability to grapple with contentious, uncomfortable issues through dialogue—is being replaced by a climate of fear and suppression.