Lessons From Tragedy: Understanding the Sampoong Department Store and Rana Plaza Disasters

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The Sampoong Department Store Disaster: A Preventable Collapse
A Building Born From Change
The Sampoong Department Store, located in the Seoul district of Gangnam, was originally designed as a residential apartment complex. Construction began in 1987, during a period when South Korea was undergoing rapid political and economic transformation.

However, before completion, the building’s purpose was changed. Instead of apartments, it was converted into a large commercial department store. This shift required significant structural adjustments that were not properly managed or fully designed for the new purpose.

Structural Modifications and Warning Signs
As construction progressed, several major changes were made to the original design:

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